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2012 Oct-Dec; Vol 3, No 4:e2 |
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Aetiology and Pathogenesis of Trigeminal Neuralgia: a Comprehensive Review J Oral Maxillofac Res 2012 (Oct-Dec);3(4):e2 doi:10.5037/jomr.2012.3402 |
Aetiology and Pathogenesis of Trigeminal Neuralgia: a Comprehensive Review
1Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.
2Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Corresponding author:
Vainiku 12
LT-46383, Kaunas
Lithuania
Phone/Fax: +370 37 29 70 55 or +370 37 32 31 53
E-mail: gintaras@stilusoptimus.lt
ABSTRACT
Objectives: The aim of present paper was to discuss issues related to trigeminal neuralgia with strong emphasis on the aetiology and pathogenesis of this problem.
Material and Methods: An electronic search of 5 databases (1965 - Oct 2012) and a hand search of peer-reviewed journals for relevant articles were performed. In addition, experience acquired from treating 3263 patients in the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, were also summarized.
Results: Generally, aetiological factors can be classified into 3 most popular theories that were based on: 1) Related to other disease, 2) Direct injury to the trigeminal nerve, and 3) Propagates the polyetiologic origin of the disease. In addition, two pathogenesis mechanisms of trigeminal neuralgia were proposed. First: the peripheral pathogenetic mechanism that is often induced by progressive dystrophy around the peripheral branches of the trigeminal nerve. Second, central pathogenetic mechanism which often triggered by peripheral pathogen that causes long-lasting afferent impulsation and the formation of a stable pathologic paroxysmal type irritation focus on the central nerve system (CNS).
Conclusions: Patients with susceptive trigeminal neuralgia should be examined carefully by specialists who have expertise in assessing and diagnosing of possible pathological processes and be able to eliminate the contributing factors so the trigeminal neuralgia can be properly managed.
J Oral Maxillofac Res 2012 (Oct-Dec);3(4):e2
doi:10.5037/jomr.2012.3402
Accepted for publication: 29 December 2012
Keywords: trigeminal neuralgia; trigeminal ganglion; trigeminal nerve; trigeminal nuclei.
To cite this article: Aetiology and Pathogenesis of Trigeminal Neuralgia: a Comprehensive Review. J Oral Maxillofac Res 2012;3(4):e2 URL: http://www.ejomr.org/JOMR/archives/2012/4/e2/v3n4e2ht.htm |
Received: 18 December 2012 | Accepted: 29 December 2012 | Published: 1 January 2013
Copyright: © The Author(s). Published by JOMR under CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 licence, 2013.