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2012 Jul-Sep; Vol 3, No 3:e5 |
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e5 |
Generalised Leukaemic Gingival Enlargement: a Case Report J Oral Maxillofac Res 2012 (Jul-Sep);3(3):e5 doi:10.5037/jomr.2012.3305 |
Generalised Leukaemic Gingival Enlargement: a Case Report
1Division of Periodontology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India.
2Department of Dental Surgery, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India.
Corresponding author:
Department of Dental Surgery
Armed Forces Medical College
Pune-411040
India
E-mail: captreenesh@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Background: Acute myeloblastic leukaemia is a malignant bone marrow neoplasm of myeloid precursors of white blood cells. Due to its high morbidity rate, early diagnosis and appropriate medical therapy is essential.
Methods: The article highlights normal blood alterations like anaemia, thrombocytopenia, leukocytosis and advanced diagnostic aids like flow cytometry, special staining as a diagnostic modality as well as for prognostic information in acute leukaemia, particularly as a tool for assigning lineage and facilitating further pathologic classification which may be helpful in influencing treatment strategies.
Results: On clinical examination the case presented with features of inflammatory gingival enlargement with presence of local deposits and calculus. Routine blood examination anaemia, thrombocytopenia, leukocytosis with haemoglobin 5.6 gm% and total leukocyte count of 1,12,000 / cu mm suggestive of leukaemia. Myeloperoxidase and leukocyte nonspecific esterase (NSE) special stain were used which showed presence of myeloblasts in the peripheral smear suggestive of acute myelocytic leukaemia. Flow cytometry were done which further helped in interpretation of these cells which showed to be strongly positive for CD45, CD13, CD14, and anti HLADR and moderately positive for CD4, CD34 and Anti MPO confirming to be case of AML-M4 with 57.73% gating.
Conclusions: Fact that gingival alterations are sometimes the first manifestations of the disease implies that dental professionals must be sufficiently familiarized with the clinical manifestations of systemic diseases. The timely referral by the general dentist for a suspicious lesion provided an early diagnosis and early intervention reducing the patient morbidity.
J Oral Maxillofac Res 2012 (Jul-Sep);3(3):e5
doi:10.5037/jomr.2012.3305
Accepted for publication: 25 September 2012
Keywords: acute myeloid leukemia; flow cytometry; gingival hyperplasia.
To cite this article: Generalised Leukaemic Gingival Enlargement: a Case Report. J Oral Maxillofac Res 2012;3(3):e5 URL: http://www.ejomr.org/JOMR/archives/2012/3/e5/v3n3e5ht.htm |
Received: 26 July 2012 | Accepted: 25 September 2012 | Published: 1 October 2012
Copyright: © The Author(s). Published by JOMR under CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 licence, 2012.